PROTOTYPE DESAIN GEDUNG DAMKAR DALAM MENUNJANG KEGIATAN PROTEKSI KEBAKARAN DI JAKARTA

Abstract

This research proposes a prototype design for a sub-district level fire station (Damkar) in Jakarta to address operational challenges faced by fire services in both urban and sub-urban areas. The background includes the high frequency of fire incidents, unequal distribution of fire posts, and the absence of a standardized small-scale fire station design tailored to local needs. The study employs a descriptive-analytical and comparative approach, using field observations, literature review, interviews, and spatial analysis based on fire distribution, accessibility, and environmental characteristics. The design adopts the Container Activity theory to optimize spatial zoning and enhance response time. The proposed prototype integrates three core functions: (1) operational – through direct connections between standby areas, vehicle garages, and access routes; (2) educational – by incorporating public training and fire simulation facilities; and (3) flexibility – via multipurpose rooms adaptable to various emergency scenarios. The project site is located in Mangga Besar Sub-district, West Jakarta, selected for its high population density and limited fire service access.The results conclude that this prototype design enhances fire service efficiency while simultaneously serving as a community fire education center. The research contributes to the development of localized, efficient, and context-sensitive fire station design standards, and supports future urban spatial planning and disaster mitigation policies.